Antibody Therapy vs. Vaccine

Vaccines and antibody therapeutics are two of the most promising measures to counteract SARS-CoV-2, and subsequent COVID-19 disease. While there is some overlap between these two approaches, there are some key distinctions to be drawn... Click the graphic to the left to learn the basics!

Spotlight: Crowe Lab

Members of the Vanderbilt Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation are making extraordinary advances in health and medicine. VI4 is developing therapies for the treatment of infection, autoimmunity, and cancer. At the frontline of the COVID-19 pandemic is the laboratory of VI4 member, Dr. James Crowe.... Click the image on the left to continue reading.

Faculty Spotlight: Carlos Henrique Serezani, Ph.D.

Dr. Serezani completed his PhD at the University of Sao Paulo and the University of Michigan. He also completed his postdoctoral studies at University of Michigan. He was an Assistant Professor at Indiana University School of Medicine and has published more than 50 papers in reputed journals. The NIH and other foundations have funded his laboratory for almost 10 years. The Serezani laboratory aims to develop therapeutic strategies to control systemic (sepsis) and localized infections (skin and lung) in healthy individuals, individuals with immune deficiencies, and those suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases, such as diabetes. They have concentrated much of their efforts in understanding the role of the lipid mediators leukotriene B4 and prostaglandin E2 and their actions on microRNAs, epigenetic changes and phosphatases to modulate immune cells involved in the control of microbial infection in these different contexts..... Click Dr. Serezani's photo to continue reading.

Faculty Spotlight: Justin M. Balko, Pharm.D., Ph.D.

Justin M. Balko, Pharm.D., Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of Medicine, Cancer Biology and Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology. He received his Pharm.D. from State University of New York at Buffalo and his Ph.D. from the University of Kentucky, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences. Balko's laboratory is focused on improving treatment outcomes in breast cancer (particularly triple-negative breast cancer) as well as in other solid tumors. To accomplish this, they integrate data from genomic and molecular profiling studies with molecular biology and signal transduction methodologies to translationally identify altered pathways in cancer, the functional consequences of these alterations, and ways to directly target them in patients to improve clinical outcomes and survival. These efforts span in silico (publically available databases), in vitro (cell culture), in vivo (mouse and human clinical studies) and in situ (histology) methods. The lab has a strong interest in the intersection between new immunotherapies and tumor cell signaling pathways.... Click Dr. Balko's photo to continue reading.

Richard Locksley, M.D.

Richard
Locksley, M.D.
Professor of Medicine
Director of the Sandler Asthma Basic Research (SABRE) Center at the University of California, San Francisco

Richard Locksley, MD, is Sandler Distinguished Professor of Medicine and Director of the Sandler Asthma Basic Research (SABRE) Center at the University of California, San Francisco. Dr. Locksley received his degree in Biochemistry from Harvard College and his medical degree from the University of Rochester School of Medicine & Dentistry. He did an internal medicine residency and Chief Medical Residency at the University of California, San Francisco. Following a fellowship in Infectious Diseases at the University of Washington in Seattle, Dr. Locksley became Assistant Professor and Head of Infectious Diseases at the Veterans Hospital at the University of Washington. In 1986, he was recruited back to UCSF as the Chief of the Division of Infectious Diseases from 1986-2004. He was appointed the Director of the SABRE Center in 2003, where he continues today. Dr. Locksley has been an Investigator in the Howard Hughes Medical Institute since 1997. His research investigates the cells and cytokines of immunity, with a particular interest in allergic, or type 2, immunity. He was involved in the early studies of allergic T cells, termed Th2 cells, and in the discovery of innate lymphoid cells associated with allergic immunity, designated ILC2s. His student and postdoctoral trainees have populated academic medical centers in the United States and abroad.

Dr. Locksley is a Distinguished Fellow of the American Association of Immunologists and an elected member of the American Society of Clinical Investigation, the Association of American Physicians, the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, and the National Academy of Sciences.

Susan Kaech, Ph.D.

Susan
Kaech, Ph.D.
Professor, Salk Institute
Director of the NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis

Susan Kaech, Ph.D., is a Salk Institute Professor, Director of the NOMIS Center for Immunobiology and Microbial Pathogenesis, and holder of the NOMIS Chair. Prior to this, she was a Waldemar Von Zedtwitz Professor at Yale University in the Department of Immunobiology (2004–2018). Dr. Kaech did her postdoctoral work with Dr. Rafi Ahmed at Emory University (1999–2004) and received her Ph.D. in Developmental Biology at Stanford University. She received her BS in Cellular and Molecular Biology at the University of Washington.

Dr. Kaech aims to understand how memory T cells are produced during infection and vaccination, how they function and why in some particular cases, they fail to induce long-term immunity. Her lab has been a leader in using genetic and molecular tools to identify the genes and signaling molecules involved in generating two specific types of memory T cells, CD4 and CD8, from precursor cells during both acute and chronic viral infections. She and her team discovered more than half a dozen important regulatory genes, as well as several types of key molecules called cytokines, which influence memory T cell development.

Dr. Kaech is also interested in how T cells are metabolically regulated, and how their differentiation and function can be altered by nutrient availability during infection and in tumors. In particular, she seeks to learn how T cell behavior is suppressed by tumors, in order to create better therapies for cancer using the body's own immune system—an innovative and rapidly moving field called cancer immunotherapy.

Dr. Kaech has been the recipient of numerous awards including the Damon Runyon–Walter Winchell Cancer Research Fellowship (1999), the Burroughs Wellcome Fund Career Award in the Biomedical Sciences (2003), the Presidential Early Career Award for Scientists and Engineers (PECASE) (2007) and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute Early Career Scientist (2009).

Scott Hultgren, Ph.D.

Scott
Hultgren, Ph.D.
Professor of Molecular Microbiology
Director of the Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research at Washington University in St. Louis

Scott Hultgren, Ph.D., Helen Lehbrink Stoever Professor of Molecular Microbiology and Director of the Center for Women’s Infectious Disease Research at Washington University in St. Louis, received his Ph.D. at Northwestern University, and postdoctoral training with Staffan Normark at Umeå, Sweden. He was elected to the National Academies of Sciences (2011) and Medicine (2017); and is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has received Washington University Distinguished Investigator and 2nd Century Awards, the Eli Lilly Award, St. Louis Science Academy’s Fellows Award, a Nobel Fellowship, an NIH Merit grant, an honorary Doctor of Philosophy at Umeå University, a Shipley Lecturership at Harvard University and been named a College Luminary by Indiana University. He has also chaired a Gordon Conference on Microbial Attachment and co-chaired the national “Moving into the Future: New Dimensions and Strategies for Women’s Health Research” conference sponsored by ORWH/NIH and Washington University.