Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences

Theiss JD, Ridgewell C, McHugo M, Heckers S, Blackford JU. Manual segmentation of the human bed nucleus of the stria terminalis using 3T MRI. Neuroimage [print-electronic]. 2017 Feb 2/1/2017; 146: 288-92. PMID: 27876653, PMCID: PMC5358094, PII: S1053-8119(16)30665-6, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2016.11.047, ISSN: 1095-9572.
Blackford JU. Leveraging Statistical Methods to Improve Validity and Reproducibility of Research Findings. JAMA Psychiatry. 2017 Feb 2/1/2017; 74(2): 119-20. PMID: 28030660, PII: 2594382, DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2016.3730, ISSN: 2168-6238.
Ridgewell C, Blackford JU, McHugo M, Heckers S. Personality traits predicting quality of life and overall functioning in schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res [print-electronic]. 2017 Apr; 182: 19-23. PMID: 27746053, PMCID: PMC5376216, PII: S0920-9964(16)30451-0, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2016.10.007, ISSN: 1573-2509.

Avery SN, Clauss JA, Blackford JU. The Human BNST: Functional Role in Anxiety and Addiction. Neuropsychopharmacology [print-electronic]. 2016 Jan; 41(1): 126-41. PMID: 26105138, PMCID: PMC4677124, PII: npp2015185, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2015.185, ISSN: 1740-634X.
Avery SN, VanDerKlok RM, Heckers S, Blackford JU. Impaired face recognition is associated with social inhibition. Psychiatry Res [print-electronic]. 2016 Feb 2/28/2016; 236: 53-7. PMID: 26776300, PMCID: PMC4747684, PII: S0165-1781(15)30890-8, DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2015.12.035, ISSN: 1872-7123.
Watkins TJ, Di Iorio CR, Olatunji BO, Benningfield MM, Blackford JU, Dietrich MS, Bhatia M, Theiss JD, Salomon RM, Niswender K, Cowan RL. Disgust proneness and associated neural substrates in obesity. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2016 Mar; 11(3): 458-65. PMID: 26454815, PMCID: PMC4769631, PII: nsv129, DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsv129, ISSN: 1749-5024.
Clauss JA, Benningfield MM, Rao U, Blackford JU. Altered Prefrontal Cortex Function Marks Heightened Anxiety Risk in Children. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry [print-electronic]. 2016 Sep; 55(9): 809-16. PMID: 27566122, PMCID: PMC5003319, PII: S0890-8567(16)30289-1, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2016.05.024, ISSN: 1527-5418.
Avery SN, Blackford JU. Slow to warm up: the role of habituation in social fear. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2016 Nov; 11(11): 1832-40. PMID: 27445209, PMCID: PMC5091686, PII: nsw095, DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsw095, ISSN: 1749-5024.
Bas-Hoogendam JM, Blackford JU, Brühl AB, Blair KS, van der Wee NJA, Westenberg PM. Neurobiological candidate endophenotypes of social anxiety disorder. Neurosci Biobehav Rev [print-electronic]. 2016 Dec; 71: 362-78. PMID: 27593443, PII: S0149-7634(16)30263-9, DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.08.040, ISSN: 1873-7528.

Karbasforoushan H, Duffy B, Blackford JU, Woodward ND. Processing speed impairment in schizophrenia is mediated by white matter integrity. Psychol Med [print-electronic]. 2015 Jan; 45(1): 109-20. PMID: 25066842, PMCID: PMC5297385, PII: S0033291714001111, DOI: 10.1017/S0033291714001111, ISSN: 1469-8978.
Clauss JA, Avery SN, Blackford JU. The nature of individual differences in inhibited temperament and risk for psychiatric disease: A review and meta-analysis. Prog. Neurobiol [print-electronic]. 2015 Apr; 127-128: 23-45. PMID: 25784645, PMCID: PMC4516130, PII: S0301-0082(15)00022-2, DOI: 10.1016/j.pneurobio.2015.03.001, ISSN: 1873-5118.
Blackford JU, Williams LE, Heckers S. Neural correlates of out-group bias predict social impairment in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res [print-electronic]. 2015 May; 164(1-3): 203-9. PMID: 25864952, PMCID: PMC4512167, PII: S0920-9964(15)00156-5, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2015.03.019, ISSN: 1573-2509.

Talati P, Rane S, Kose S, Blackford JU, Gore J, Donahue MJ, Heckers S. Increased hippocampal CA1 cerebral blood volume in schizophrenia. Neuroimage Clin. 2014; 5: 359-64. PMID: 25161901, PMCID: PMC4141978, PII: S2213-1582(14)00096-5, DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2014.07.004, ISSN: 2213-1582.
Koran ME, Hohman TJ, Edwards CM, Vega JN, Pryweller JR, Slosky LE, Crockett G, Villa de Rey L, Meda SA, Dankner N, Avery SN, Blackford JU, Dykens EM, Thornton-Wells TA. Differences in age-related effects on brain volume in Down syndrome as compared to Williams syndrome and typical development. J Neurodev Disord [print-electronic]. 2014; 6(1): 8. PMID: 24713364, PMCID: PMC4022321, PII: 1866-1955-6-8, DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-6-8, ISSN: 1866-1947.
Benningfield MM, Blackford JU, Ellsworth ME, Samanez-Larkin GR, Martin PR, Cowan RL, Zald DH. Caudate responses to reward anticipation associated with delay discounting behavior in healthy youth. Dev Cogn Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2014 Jan; 7: 43-52. PMID: 24309299, PMCID: PMC3932556, PII: S1878-9293(13)00068-6, DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2013.10.009, ISSN: 1878-9307.
Blackford JU, Clauss JA, Avery SN, Cowan RL, Benningfield MM, VanDerKlok RM. Amygdala-cingulate intrinsic connectivity is associated with degree of social inhibition. Biol Psychol [print-electronic]. 2014 May; 99: 15-25. PMID: 24534162, PMCID: PMC4274047, PII: S0301-0511(14)00042-8, DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2014.02.003, ISSN: 1873-6246.
Avery SN, Clauss JA, Winder DG, Woodward N, Heckers S, Blackford JU. BNST neurocircuitry in humans. Neuroimage [print-electronic]. 2014 May 5/1/2014; 91: 311-23. PMID: 24444996, PMCID: PMC4214684, PII: S1053-8119(14)00038-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2014.01.017, ISSN: 1095-9572.
Clauss JA, Avery SN, VanDerKlok RM, Rogers BP, Cowan RL, Benningfield MM, Blackford JU. Neurocircuitry underlying risk and resilience to social anxiety disorder. Depress Anxiety [print-electronic]. 2014 Oct; 31(10): 822-33. PMID: 24753211, PMCID: PMC4314099, DOI: 10.1002/da.22265, ISSN: 1520-6394.
Clauss JA, Seay AL, VanDerKlok RM, Avery SN, Cao A, Cowan RL, Benningfield MM, Blackford JU. Structural and functional bases of inhibited temperament. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2014 Dec; 9(12): 2049-58. PMID: 24493850, PMCID: PMC4249486, PII: nsu019, DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsu019, ISSN: 1749-5024.

Blackford JU, Allen AH, Cowan RL, Avery SN. Amygdala and hippocampus fail to habituate to faces in individuals with an inhibited temperament. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2013 Feb; 8(2): 143-50. PMID: 22260816, PMCID: PMC3575717, PII: nsr078, DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsr078, ISSN: 1749-5024.
Edmiston EK, Blackford JU. Childhood maltreatment and response to novel face stimuli presented during functional magnetic resonance imaging in adults. Psychiatry Res [print-electronic]. 2013 Apr 4/30/2013; 212(1): 36-42. PMID: 23477839, PMCID: PMC3604160, PII: S0925-4927(12)00301-0, DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2012.11.009, ISSN: 1872-7123.
Watkins TJ, Raj V, Lee J, Dietrich MS, Cao A, Blackford JU, Salomon RM, Park S, Benningfield MM, Di Iorio CR, Cowan RL. Human ecstasy (MDMA) polydrug users have altered brain activation during semantic processing. Psychopharmacology (Berl.) [print-electronic]. 2013 May; 227(1): 41-54. PMID: 23241648, PMCID: PMC3615064, DOI: 10.1007/s00213-012-2936-1, ISSN: 1432-2072.
Charboneau EJ, Dietrich MS, Park S, Cao A, Watkins TJ, Blackford JU, Benningfield MM, Martin PR, Buchowski MS, Cowan RL. Cannabis cue-induced brain activation correlates with drug craving in limbic and visual salience regions: preliminary results. Psychiatry Res [print-electronic]. 2013 Nov 11/30/2013; 214(2): 122-31. PMID: 24035535, PMCID: PMC3904759, PII: S0925-4927(13)00177-7, DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.06.005, ISSN: 1872-7123.
Williams LE, Blackford JU, Luksik A, Gauthier I, Heckers S. Reduced habituation in patients with schizophrenia. Schizophr. Res [print-electronic]. 2013 Dec; 151(1-3): 124-32. PMID: 24200419, PMCID: PMC3908315, PII: S0920-9964(13)00563-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2013.10.017, ISSN: 1573-2509.

Pryweller JR, Avery SN, Blackford JU, Dykens EM, Thornton-Wells TA. The effect of intellectual ability on functional activation in a neurodevelopmental disorder: preliminary evidence from multiple fMRI studies in Williams syndrome. J Neurodev Disord. 2012; 4(1): 24. PMID: 23102261, PMCID: PMC3502608, PII: 1866-1955-4-24, DOI: 10.1186/1866-1955-4-24, ISSN: 1866-1955.
Salomon RM, Karageorgiou J, Dietrich MS, McLellan JY, Charboneau EJ, Blackford JU, Cowan RL. MDMA (Ecstasy) association with impaired fMRI BOLD thalamic coherence and functional connectivity. Drug Alcohol Depend [print-electronic]. 2012 Jan 1/1/2012; 120(1-3): 41-7. PMID: 21807471, PMCID: PMC3224864, PII: S0376-8716(11)00300-0, DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.06.022, ISSN: 1879-0046.
Avery SN, Thornton-Wells TA, Anderson AW, Blackford JU. White matter integrity deficits in prefrontal-amygdala pathways in Williams syndrome. Neuroimage [print-electronic]. 2012 Jan 1/16/2012; 59(2): 887-94. PMID: 22008369, PMCID: PMC3254058, PII: S1053-8119(11)01139-6, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.09.065, ISSN: 1095-9572.
Di Iorio CR, Watkins TJ, Dietrich MS, Cao A, Blackford JU, Rogers B, Ansari MS, Baldwin RM, Li R, Kessler RM, Salomon RM, Benningfield M, Cowan RL. Evidence for chronically altered serotonin function in the cerebral cortex of female 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine polydrug users. Arch. Gen. Psychiatry [print-electronic]. 2012 Apr; 69(4): 399-409. PMID: 22147810, PMCID: PMC3538835, PII: archgenpsychiatry.2011.156, DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.156, ISSN: 1538-3636.
Blackford JU, Pine DS. Neural substrates of childhood anxiety disorders: a review of neuroimaging findings. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am [print-electronic]. 2012 Jul; 21(3): 501-25. PMID: 22800991, PMCID: PMC3489468, PII: S1056-4993(12)00037-5, DOI: 10.1016/j.chc.2012.05.002, ISSN: 1558-0490.
Clauss JA, Blackford JU. Behavioral inhibition and risk for developing social anxiety disorder: a meta-analytic study. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry [print-electronic]. 2012 Oct; 51(10): 1066-1075.e1. PMID: 23021481, PMCID: PMC3611590, PII: S0890-8567(12)00592-8, DOI: 10.1016/j.jaac.2012.08.002, ISSN: 1527-5418.

Clauss JA, Cowan RL, Blackford JU. Expectation and temperament moderate amygdala and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex responses to fear faces. Cogn Affect Behav Neurosci. 2011 Mar; 11(1): 13-21. PMID: 21264642, PMCID: PMC3049952, DOI: 10.3758/s13415-010-0007-9, ISSN: 1531-135X.
Bauernfeind AL, Dietrich MS, Blackford JU, Charboneau EJ, Lillevig JG, Cannistraci CJ, Woodward ND, Cao A, Watkins T, Di Iorio CR, Cascio C, Salomon RM, Cowan RL. Human Ecstasy use is associated with increased cortical excitability: an fMRI study. Neuropsychopharmacology [print-electronic]. 2011 May; 36(6): 1127-41. PMID: 21326196, PMCID: PMC3079831, PII: npp2010244, DOI: 10.1038/npp.2010.244, ISSN: 1740-634X.
Thornton-Wells TA, Avery SN, Blackford JU. Using novel control groups to dissect the amygdala's role in Williams syndrome. Dev Cogn Neurosci. 2011 Jul; 1(3): 295-304. PMID: 21731599, PMCID: PMC3124852, DOI: 10.1016/j.dcn.2011.03.003, ISSN: 1878-9307.
Blackford JU, Love R. Dialectical behavior therapy group skills training in a community mental health setting: a pilot study. Int J Group Psychother. 2011 Oct; 61(4): 645-57. PMID: 21985263, PMCID: PMC3191933, DOI: 10.1521/ijgp.2011.61.4.645, ISSN: 1943-2836.
Blackford JU, Avery SN, Cowan RL, Shelton RC, Zald DH. Sustained amygdala response to both novel and newly familiar faces characterizes inhibited temperament. Soc Cogn Affect Neurosci [print-electronic]. 2011 Oct; 6(5): 621-9. PMID: 20660534, PMCID: PMC3190202, PII: nsq073, DOI: 10.1093/scan/nsq073, ISSN: 1749-5024.

Salomon RM, Blackford JU, Rosenbloom ST, Seidel S, Clayton EW, Dilts DM, Finder SG. Openness of patients' reporting with use of electronic records: psychiatric clinicians' views. J Am Med Inform Assoc. 2010 Jan; 17(1): 54-60. PMID: 20064802, PMCID: PMC2995635, PII: 17/1/54, DOI: 10.1197/jamia.M3341, ISSN: 1527-974X.
Blackford JU, Buckholtz JW, Avery SN, Zald DH. A unique role for the human amygdala in novelty detection. Neuroimage [print-electronic]. 2010 Apr 4/15/2010; 50(3): 1188-93. PMID: 20045069, PMCID: PMC2830341, PII: S1053-8119(09)01372-X, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.083, ISSN: 1095-9572.

Blackford JU, Avery SN, Shelton RC, Zald DH. Amygdala temporal dynamics: temperamental differences in the timing of amygdala response to familiar and novel faces. BMC Neurosci. 2009; 10: 145. PMID: 20003287, PMCID: PMC2797525, PII: 1471-2202-10-145, DOI: 10.1186/1471-2202-10-145, ISSN: 1471-2202.
Blackford JU, Salomon RM, Waller NG. Detecting change in biological rhythms: a multivariate permutation test approach to Fourier-transformed data. Chronobiol. Int. 2009 Feb; 26(2): 258-81. PMID: 19212840, PMCID: PMC2706024, PII: 908650712, DOI: 10.1080/07420520902772221, ISSN: 1525-6073.
Karageorgiou J, Dietrich MS, Charboneau EJ, Woodward ND, Blackford JU, Salomon RM, Cowan RL. Prior MDMA (Ecstasy) use is associated with increased basal ganglia-thalamocortical circuit activation during motor task performance in humans: an fMRI study. Neuroimage [print-electronic]. 2009 Jul 7/1/2009; 46(3): 817-26. PMID: 19264142, PMCID: PMC2805435, PII: S1053-8119(09)00184-0, DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.02.029, ISSN: 1095-9572.
Blackford JU. Propensity scores: method for matching on multiple variables in down syndrome research. Intellect Dev Disabil. 2009 Oct; 47(5): 348-57. PMID: 19842739, PMCID: PMC2845959, PII: 1934-9491-47-5-348, DOI: 10.1352/1934-9556-47.5.348, ISSN: 1934-9491.

Hahn MK, Blackford JU, Haman K, Mazei-Robison M, English BA, Prasad HC, Steele A, Hazelwood L, Fentress HM, Myers R, Blakely RD, Sanders-Bush E, Shelton R. Multivariate permutation analysis associates multiple polymorphisms with subphenotypes of major depression. Genes Brain Behav [print-electronic]. 2008 Jun; 7(4): 487-95. PMID: 18081710, PMCID: PMC2670227, PII: GBB384, DOI: 10.1111/j.1601-183X.2007.00384.x, ISSN: 1601-183X.

Moore IN, Snyder SL, Miller C, An AQ, Blackford JU, Zhou C, Hickson GB. Confidentiality and privacy in health care from the patient's perspective: does HIPAA help?. Health Matrix Clevel. 2007; 17(2): 215-72. PMID: 18326392, ISSN: 0748-383X.
Blackford, JU. Statistical issues in developmental epidemiology and developmental disabilities research: Confounding variables, small sample size, and numerous outcome variables. International Review of Research in Mental Retardation. 2007; ((33)): 93-120.
Rosenbloom ST, Crow AN, Blackford JU, Johnson KB. Cognitive factors influencing perceptions of clinical documentation tools. J Biomed Inform [print-electronic]. 2007 Apr; 40(2): 106-13. PMID: 16904384, PII: S1532-0464(06)00078-5, DOI: 10.1016/j.jbi.2006.06.006, ISSN: 1532-0480.
Hickson GB, Federspiel CF, Blackford J, Pichert JW, Gaska W, Merrigan MW, Miller CS. Patient complaints and malpractice risk in a regional healthcare center. South. Med. J. 2007 Aug; 100(8): 791-6. PMID: 17713305, DOI: 10.1097/SMJ.0b013e318063bd75, ISSN: 0038-4348.

Murff HJ, France DJ, Blackford J, Grogan EL, Yu C, Speroff T, Pichert JW, Hickson GB. Relationship between patient complaints and surgical complications. Qual Saf Health Care. 2006 Feb; 15(1): 13-6. PMID: 16456204, PMCID: PMC2564001, PII: 15/1/13, DOI: 10.1136/qshc.2005.013847, ISSN: 1475-3901.
Dimitropoulos A, Blackford J, Walden T, Thompson T. Compulsive behavior in Prader-Willi syndrome: examining severity in early childhood. Res Dev Disabil [print-electronic]. 2006 Mar; 27(2): 190-202. PMID: 15950435, PII: S0891-4222(05)00049-1, DOI: 10.1016/j.ridd.2005.01.002, ISSN: 0891-4222.

Rosenbloom ST, Giuse NB, Jerome RN, Blackford JU. Providing evidence-based answers to complex clinical questions: evaluating the consistency of article selection. Acad Med. 2005 Jan; 80(1): 109-14. PMID: 15618105, PII: 80/1/109, ISSN: 1040-2446.
Carroll KN, Cooper WO, Blackford JU, Hickson GB. Characteristics of families that complain following pediatric emergency visits. Ambul Pediatr. 2005 Nov; 5(6): 326-31. PMID: 16302833, PII: A04-187R1, DOI: 10.1367/A04-187R1.1, ISSN: 1530-1567.
Salomon RM, Kennedy JS, Johnson BW, Urbano Blackford J, Schmidt DE, Kwentus J, Gwirtsman HE, Gouda JF, Shiavi RG. Treatment enhances ultradian rhythms of CSF monoamine metabolites in patients with major depressive episodes. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2005 Nov; 30(11): 2082-91. PMID: 15856079, PII: 1300746, DOI: 10.1038/sj.npp.1300746, ISSN: 0893-133X.

Pichert, J, Hickson, G, Blackford, J, Federspiel, C & Miller, C. Academic Practice Compensation and Production Survey for Faculty and Management: 2004 report based on 2003 data. [place unknown: publisher unknown]; 2004.
Yoder PJ, Blackford JU, Waller NG, Kim G. Enhancing power while controlling family-wise error: an illustration of the issues using electrocortical studies. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2004 May; 26(3): 320-31. PMID: 15512923, PII: WQ2N6FFT6R1E13JB, DOI: 10.1080/13803390490510040, ISSN: 1380-3395.

Harvey, M., Baker, D., Horner, R. & Blackford, J.. Prevalence of sleep problems in individuals with mental retardation living in the community. Journal of Positive Behavioral Intervention. 2003; 61((3)): 195-200.

Gillcrist JA, Brumley DE, Blackford JU. Community fluoridation status and caries experience in children. J Public Health Dent. 2001; 61(3): 168-71. PMID: 11603320, ISSN: 0022-4006.
Brumley DE, Hawks RW, Gillcrist JA, Blackford JU, Wells WW. Successful implementation of community water fluoridation via the community diagnosis process. J Public Health Dent. 2001; 61(1): 28-33. PMID: 11317601, ISSN: 0022-4006.
Gillcrist JA, Brumley DE, Blackford JU. Community socioeconomic status and children's dental health. J Am Dent Assoc. 2001 Feb; 132(2): 216-22. PMID: 11217596, ISSN: 0002-8177.
Bess DT, Blackford JN, Regan JJ, Alderson A. Mediating denials of pharmaceutical services: an alternative to traditional appeals. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2001 Nov 11/15/2001; 58(22): 2147-50. PMID: 11760917, ISSN: 1079-2082.

Blackford, JU & Walden, TA. Individual differences in social referencing: Effects of temperamental fear on referencing, regulation, and parent messages. Infant Behavior and Development. 1998; 21((1)): 89-102.

Walden TA, Blackford JU, Carpenter KL. Differences in social signals produced by children with developmental delays of differing etiologies. Am J Ment Retard. 1997 Nov; 102(3): 292-305. PMID: 9394138, DOI: 10.1352/0895-8017(1997)102<0292:DISSPB>2.0.CO;2, ISSN: 0895-8017.

Scott, KG, Shaw, KH, & Urbano, JC. Developmental Epidemiology. [place unknown: publisher unknown]; 1994.

Scott KG, Urbano JC, Boussy CA. Long-term psychoeducational outcome of prenatal substance exposure. Semin. Perinatol. 1991 Aug; 15(4): 317-23. PMID: 1948143, ISSN: 0146-0005.

Jennifer Blackford, Ph.D.

Selected Publications