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Riely GJ, Wood DE, Loo BW, Aisner DL, Akerley W, Bauman JR, Bharat A, Chang JY, Chirieac LR, DeCamp M, Desai A, Dilling TJ, Dowell J, Durm GA, Gettinger S, Grotz TE, Gubens MA, Juloori A, Lackner RP, Lanuti M, Lin J, Lovly CM, Maldonado F, Morgensztern D, Mullikin TC, Ng T, Owen D, Owen DH, Patel SP, Patil T, Polanco PM, Riess J, Shapiro TA, Singh AP, Stevenson J, Tam A, Tanvetyanon T, Yanagawa J, Yang SC, Yau E, Gregory K, Hang L. Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas, Version 2.2025, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines In Oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network : JNCCN. 2025 Jun;23(23). 255-269.
Abstract
Thymomas and thymic carcinomas are rare mediastinal tumors that originate in the thymus. Patients with thymoma may experience symptoms associated with autoimmune paraneoplastic diseases (such as myasthenia gravis), which typically do not occur in patients with thymic carcinoma. The NCCN Guidelines for Thymomas and Thymic Carcinomas provide guidance for the diagnosis, treatment, and surveillance of patients with thymoma and thymic carcinoma. Involvement of a multidisciplinary team with experience treating thymomas and thymic carcinomas is highly recommended.